一、倉泵主要構(gòu)成

　　1、 The main components of the warehouse pump

　　1、進料裝置也叫進料閥，設(shè)置在氣力輸送倉泵上部，，進料閥直接與倉泵相連接并融合為一個整體，由直行程缸通過搖臂驅(qū)動翻板作90度旋轉(zhuǎn)以控制開閉。這種專用結(jié)構(gòu)的閥門在倉泵中的應(yīng)用關(guān)鍵在于其密封結(jié)構(gòu)可以滿足飛灰工況的惡劣環(huán)境要求。上下密封圈采用氟橡膠材質(zhì)，橡膠本身對顆粒有一定的包容性，并可耐250度的高溫，上密封圈為鋸齒形結(jié)構(gòu)，且橡膠硬度較高，下密封圈為平面結(jié)構(gòu)，包覆在翻板上，橡膠材質(zhì)較軟。閥門開啟時密封面不易結(jié)灰，在閥門關(guān)閉的瞬間，灰斗落下的飛灰可能進入密封面，在密封面進灰的情況下，受氣缸驅(qū)動力矩和倉泵內(nèi)壓力自緊作用，密封面壓緊，此時密封面沉積的飛灰被鋸齒頂尖排入外側(cè)或溝槽內(nèi)，形成三條線密封，從而保證即使飛灰進入密封面也能保證不泄漏。

　　1. The feeding device, also known as the feeding valve, is located above the pneumatic conveying bin pump. The feeding valve is directly connected to the bin pump and integrated into a whole. It is driven by a straight stroke cylinder through a rocker arm to rotate the flap 90 degrees to control opening and closing. The key to the application of this specialized valve structure in the silo pump is that its sealing structure can meet the harsh environmental requirements of fly ash working conditions. The upper and lower sealing rings are made of fluororubber material, which has a certain degree of tolerance for particles and can withstand high temperatures of 250 degrees. The upper sealing ring has a serrated structure and high rubber hardness, while the lower sealing ring has a flat structure and is wrapped around the flipper. The rubber material is relatively soft. When the valve is opened, the sealing surface is not prone to dust accumulation. At the moment when the valve is closed, the fly ash falling from the ash hopper may enter the sealing surface. In the case of dust entering the sealing surface, the sealing surface is compressed by the cylinder driving torque and the pressure inside the bin pump. At this time, the fly ash deposited on the sealing surface is discharged into the outside or groove by the serrated tip, forming a three line seal, ensuring that even if the fly ash enters the sealing surface, it will not leak.

　　2、排氣裝置也叫排氣閥，設(shè)置在氣力輸送倉泵上部，其作用為通過氣缸的動作，打開或關(guān)閉閥門，使氣力輸送倉泵內(nèi)余氣排出至貯料倉。

　　2. The exhaust device, also known as the exhaust valve, is installed on the upper part of the pneumatic conveying bin pump. Its function is to open or close the valve through the action of the cylinder, so that the residual air in the pneumatic conveying bin pump is discharged to the storage bin.

　　? ?3、流態(tài)化裝置也叫氣化室，它設(shè)置在氣力輸送倉泵的底部。在室的下部設(shè)有氣化裝置，有流化盤和硫化布組成，中部設(shè)置噴射管。

　　3. The fluidized bed device, also known as the gasification chamber, is located at the bottom of the pneumatic conveying bin pump. A gasification device is installed at the lower part of the room, consisting of a fluidized bed and vulcanized cloth, and a spray pipe is installed in the middle.

　　? ?4、氣動出料閥設(shè)置于氣力輸送倉泵物料出口處，氣力輸送倉泵輸送時，該閥打開，氣力輸送倉泵輸送結(jié)束時，該閥關(guān)閉。工作時，氣缸通過活塞桿帶動雙閘板閥芯做上下運動，從而來打開或關(guān)閉閥門。

　　4. The pneumatic discharge valve is set at the material outlet of the pneumatic conveying bin pump. When the pneumatic conveying bin pump is conveying, the valve opens, and when the pneumatic conveying bin pump is conveying, the valve closes. During operation, the cylinder drives the double gate valve core to move up and down through the piston rod, thereby opening or closing the valve.

　　? ?5、泵體作為整個輸送系統(tǒng)的發(fā)送時物料存貯裝置，它是一個耐磨損、抗疲勞的壓力容器，能長期經(jīng)受氣流和物料的沖刷和磨損。

　　5. As the material storage device for the entire conveying system, the pump body is a wear-resistant and fatigue resistant pressure vessel that can withstand the erosion and wear of airflow and materials for a long time.

　　? ?6、電氣控制柜通常是一臺氣力輸送倉泵一個控制柜。

　　6. The electrical control cabinet is usually one pneumatic conveying bin pump and one control cabinet.

　　? ?7、氣動控制箱即電磁閥箱，箱內(nèi)一般配置了控制每臺氣力輸送倉泵氣缸工作的電磁閥，通常是一臺氣力輸送倉泵配置一個電磁閥箱。

　　7. Pneumatic control box, also known as solenoid valve box, is generally equipped with solenoid valves that control the operation of each pneumatic conveying bin pump cylinder. Typically, one pneumatic conveying bin pump is equipped with one solenoid valve box.

　　二、倉泵工作原理倉泵本體是能承受一定壓力與溫度的壓力容器，其上端為為氣動進料閥，內(nèi)部為一上引式管道，與氣動出料閥及輸灰管道相連，上引管下端為流化盤。氣動進料閥，氣動出料閥，進氣閥，二次氣閥均有電磁氣動換向閥控制。倉泵采用間歇式自動控制方式運行。每個輸送過程可分為四個階段，有感應(yīng)信號及程序控制。

　　2、 The working principle of the bin pump is that the bin pump body is a pressure vessel that can withstand a certain pressure and temperature. Its upper end is a pneumatic feed valve, and the interior is an upward pipeline connected to the pneumatic discharge valve and ash conveying pipeline. The lower end of the upward pipeline is a fluidized disc. Pneumatic feed valve, pneumatic discharge valve, intake valve, and secondary air valve are all controlled by electromagnetic pneumatic directional valves. The warehouse pump operates in an intermittent automatic control mode. Each conveying process can be divided into four stages, with induction signals and program control.

　　1、進料階段進料閥開啟。進氣閥和出料閥在關(guān)閉狀態(tài)。倉泵內(nèi)部與電除塵灰斗聯(lián)通，飛灰進入倉泵，當倉泵內(nèi)灰位高至于料位計探頭接觸，則料位計產(chǎn)生一料位滿信號，并通過現(xiàn)場控制單元進入程序控制器，系統(tǒng)自動關(guān)閉進料閥。

　　1. The feeding valve is opened during the feeding stage. The intake valve and discharge valve are in the closed state. The interior of the bin pump is connected to the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper, and fly ash enters the bin pump. When the ash level in the bin pump is high enough to contact the level gauge probe, the level gauge generates a level full signal, which enters the program controller through the on-site control unit, and the system automatically closes the feed valve.

　　2、加壓流化階段進氣閥開啟。進料閥，出料閥及二次吹掃閥關(guān)閉，壓縮空氣通過流化盤進入倉泵，飛灰流化，當倉泵內(nèi)壓力升高到某一設(shè)定數(shù)值時，出料閥打開，結(jié)束加壓流化。

　　2. The intake valve is opened during the pressurized fluidization stage. The feed valve, discharge valve, and secondary purge valve are closed, and compressed air enters the bin pump through the fluidized disc to fluidized fly ash. When the pressure inside the bin pump rises to a certain set value, the discharge valve opens to end pressurized fluidization.

　　3、輸送階段進氣閥及出料閥開啟。進料閥及二次吹掃閥關(guān)閉，灰氣混合物進入輸送管道，此時倉泵內(nèi)壓力保持平穩(wěn)。當倉泵內(nèi)飛灰輸送結(jié)束時，管路阻力降低，倉泵內(nèi)壓力下降，當降至下限壓力數(shù)值時，結(jié)束輸送狀態(tài)。

　　3. The intake valve and discharge valve are opened during the conveying stage. The feed valve and secondary purge valve are closed, and the ash gas mixture enters the conveying pipeline. At this time, the pressure inside the bin pump remains stable. When the fly ash transportation in the silo pump is completed, the pipeline resistance decreases and the pressure inside the silo pump decreases. When it reaches the lower limit pressure value, the transportation state is ended.

　　4、吹掃階段二次吹掃閥開啟，進料閥關(guān)閉。進氣閥，出料閥仍保持開啟狀態(tài)，壓縮空氣清掃倉泵及管道內(nèi)的余灰，此時倉泵內(nèi)無飛灰，管道內(nèi)飛灰逐步減少，最后幾乎呈空氣流動狀態(tài)。系統(tǒng)阻力下降，倉泵壓力降至一穩(wěn)定值，定時一段時間后吹掃結(jié)束。進氣閥，出料閥及二次氣閥關(guān)閉，進料閥開啟，倉泵恢復(fù)到進料狀態(tài)。

　　4. During the blowing stage, the secondary blowing valve is opened and the feed valve is closed. The intake valve and discharge valve remain open, and compressed air is used to clean the residual ash in the bin pump and pipeline. At this time, there is no fly ash in the bin pump, and the fly ash in the pipeline gradually decreases, finally almost in an air flow state. The system resistance decreases, and the pressure of the bin pump drops to a stable value. After a certain period of time, the blowing ends. The intake valve, discharge valve, and secondary air valve are closed, the feed valve is opened, and the bin pump returns to the feeding state.

　　三、常見故障及處理

　　3、 Common faults and their solutions

　　倉泵常見故障一般在流化加壓階段，倉泵內(nèi)壓力上升緩慢達不到輸灰要求主要原因有以下幾個：

　　The common faults of the bin pump usually occur during the fluidized bed pressurization stage. The main reasons for the slow increase in pressure inside the bin pump and the inability to meet the ash conveying requirements are as follows:

　　1、儲氣罐壓縮空氣壓力低或進氣閥開不到位。

　　1. The compressed air pressure in the storage tank is low or the intake valve cannot be opened properly.

　　2、進料閥漏氣：1）進料閥沒有關(guān)到位，解決辦法：調(diào)整氣缸行程位置使進料閥閥蓋關(guān)閉嚴密。2）進料閥閥座或閥蓋上下密封圈吹損 解決方法：需把整個進料閥總成拆下，拆下上下密封圈，檢查閥座與閥蓋是否有吹損，如有需補焊車加工后換裝新的密封圈。

　　2. Leakage of feed valve: 1) The feed valve is not closed properly. Solution: Adjust the cylinder stroke position to make the feed valve cover tightly closed. 2) Solution for blowing damage to the upper and lower sealing rings of the feed valve seat or valve cover: The entire feed valve assembly needs to be removed, the upper and lower sealing rings need to be removed, and the valve seat and valve cover need to be checked for blowing damage. If there is any damage, it needs to be repaired by welding and machining, and a new sealing ring needs to be installed.

　　3、出料閥漏氣：1）出料閥關(guān)不到位。解決辦法：通知熱工檢查電磁閥及氣管路。2）出料閥密封組件吹損需更換出料閥4、倉泵流化布堵：1）飛灰量多，粘性大，飛灰潮濕，這種情況一般發(fā)生在電除塵檢修過后，由于水沖洗電除塵或長時間不投用引起。2）壓縮空氣水分過多引起硫化布堵塞。需檢查空壓機出氣后凈化裝置是否正常及儲氣罐疏水情況。確保壓縮空氣干燥。

　　3. Leakage of discharge valve: 1) The discharge valve cannot be closed properly. Solution: Notify the thermal engineer to inspect the solenoid valve and gas pipeline. 2) The sealing component of the discharge valve needs to be replaced due to blowing damage. 4. Fluidized cloth blockage of the bin pump: 1) There is a large amount of fly ash, high viscosity, and wet fly ash. This situation usually occurs after the maintenance of the electrostatic precipitator, due to water flushing of the electrostatic precipitator or prolonged disuse. 2) Excessive moisture in compressed air can cause blockage of vulcanized fabric. It is necessary to check whether the purification device after the air compressor exhausts is normal and the drainage condition of the air storage tank. Ensure that the compressed air is dry.